焦 尔，刘 平，郑建丽，谌志新
（农业部渔业装备与工程重点开放实验室，中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092）

摘要：艉门架是拖网渔船的关键强力构件，其结构形式和强度直接影响捕捞作业的效率和安全。文中在分析艉门架工作原理和受力的基础上，运用两种结构力学方法，即两端刚性固定梁和平面刚架解析法，对设计计算结果进行分析和比较，并对推荐方法所得的艉门架结构进行受力分析验证。数值计算结果表明，在极限工况下结构强度能够达到使用要求，验证了艉门架结构设计的合理性。本文对经典结构力学公式进行分析、整理和归纳后，给出的弯矩影响系数表达式对提高船舶艉门架或类似结构的设计效率和优化构件尺寸具有实用价值。
 

关键词：艉门架；拖网渔船；结构强度；设计方法

 

Design of trawler stern gantry and research
JIAO Er，LIU Ping，ZHENG Jianli， CHEN Zhixin
( Key laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture,
Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China )

Abstract: Stern gantry is the key strength member of trawler, the structure and strength of stern gantry directly effcets efficency and safety of fishing. Based on the analysis of stern gantry’s work principle and force, using two kinds of structural mechanics methods, the beam fixed at both ends of the rigid and the plane frame analysis method,analyzes and compares on the design and calculation, and certify the stern door structure of the recommended method by stress analysis, numerical simulation results show that the mechanical structure strength is requireable under extreme conditions. The classical structural mechanics formula for the analysis, summed up, bending moment influence coefficient are given to improve the design efficiency and optimization of component scale ship stern door frame or similar structure has practical value.
 

Key words: gantry; structure strength; trawler; design technique
 

（来源：《渔业现代化》2014,41(5):60-64）