宋利明^1,2，刘海阳¹，马骏驰³
（1 上海海洋大学海洋科学学院，上海201306；
2 国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心，大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室，
远洋渔业协同创新中心，上海 201306;
3 上海海洋大学工程学院，上海 201306）

摘要：了解金枪鱼延绳钓钓钩作业时的受力和应力应变情况，有利于改进钓钩设计和材料选择。本文对有关金枪鱼延绳钓钓钩种类、材料和力学性能，起重机吊钩应力、位移变化、优化设计和检测等国内外相关文献进行整理分析，目前的研究虽取得了一定的成果，但关于钓钩的仿真模拟、钓钩受力分析和优化设计的研究较少。本文建议：（1）参考起重机吊钩材料及力学性能研究的方法，采用有限元软件ANSYS对金枪鱼钓钩建立不同的3D模型，对比得出更好的建模方法；（2）对不同材料钓钩受力产生的拉伸、弯曲、扭转、断裂等变形情况进行模拟分析和实验；（3）分析各种钓钩所能承受的最大拉伸、弯曲、扭转负荷及钓钩最大应力、应变的分布情况；（4）对金枪鱼钓钩的结构进行设计和优化。
        关键词：金枪鱼延绳钓；钓钩；起重机吊钩；材料；力学；有限元
 

A review about materials and mechanics of longline hook and lifting hook
SONG Liming^1,2，LIU Haiyang ¹，MA Junchi ³
(1 College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2 National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center, The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for National Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China;
3 College of Engineering Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China)

Abstract: It is benefit to improving the tuna longline hook design and material selection to understand the condition of tensile and stress-strain of the tuna longline hook in the operation. This paper reviewed some related literatures about types, materials, stress, the displacement change, optimization design and testing, finite element analysis of the tuna longline hooks and lifting hooks, etc. There were some achievements in the previous studies. However, the study of the tuna longline hook material and mechanics was relatively rare. In hence the study on the tuna longline hook simulation, the hook stress analysis, optimization design was lack. In the further study on tuna longline hook, this article suggested that (1) the relative study methods on lifting hook should be applied and the three dimensional models should be built to simulate the hook shape of space and stress distribution by finite element analysis software (ANSYS) , then compare their results to find the optimum model; (2) the simulation analysis and experiments about tensile, bending, torsion, breaking, the deformation situation of hook should be carried out; (3) the maximum tensile, bending and torsion load of various types of hook and the distribution of maximum stress and strain; (4) the configuration of tuna longline hook should be redesigned and optimized.
        Key words: tuna longline; tuna hook; lifting hook; materials; mechanic; finite element
 

（来源：《渔业现代化》2014,41(4):54-57）