黄宇航，罗锦宏，唐 龙，王烨青
（常州信息职业技术学院，江苏 常州，213164）

摘要：针对传统渔船上安装的太阳能电池板所供电压与电流值不稳定和不确定性缺陷，提出一种能检测太阳能电池板两端电压和回路中电流值，并能自动调整对蓄电池充电电流大小的电路设计与实现方法。采用单片机来检测输入端电压和电流值，并判断和选取最合适的蓄电池充电电压和电流，以保证蓄电池能从太阳能电池板上获得最大的充电功率。结果显示，太阳能充电器能稳定地输出功率，且最大功率点（MPPT）跟踪动稳态精度高，电压连续可调（9~30 V），额定输出电流可达4 A以上，其能量转换效率达96.5%以上。经过在渔船上的试用，其性能和技术指标已基本达到国内外同类产品的先进水平。
 

关键词：太阳能；充电器；MPPT；电路设计
 

Circuit design and test of solar charger in fishing boats
HUANG Yuhang, LUO Jinhong, TANG Long, WANG YeQing
（Changzhou College of Information Technology, Jiangsu Changzhou 213164, China）

Abstract: In view of the voltage and current instability and uncertainty of solar battery board installed on the traditional fishing boat, it proposes a circuit design and realization method for detecting voltage across and current value of the loop of the solar panel, and it can adjust automatically the size of the battery charging current. It adopts the MCU to detect the input voltage and current values, and judges, selects the most suitable battery charging voltage and charging current, in order to ensure to obtain the maximum power from the solar battery board. The results shows, the solar charger can stable output power, and the MPPT tracking dynamic steady-state precision is high, the voltage can be adjusted continuously (9~30V), rated output current can reach above 4A, the energy conversion efficiency is more than 96.5%, after the trial in fishing boats, its performance and technical indicators have been basically reached the advanced the level of similar products at home and abroad.
 

Key words: solar energy; charger, MPPT; circuit design
 

(来源：《渔业现代化》2015,42(1):48-52，56）