侯晓飞1，宋协法1，葛长字1，毛玉泽2，于守团3，叶乃好2
（1 中国海洋大学水产学院，青岛 266003；
2 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所，农业部渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室，青岛 266071；
3 山东青岛蛤原良种有限公司，青岛 267079）
摘要：在静水系统中，骤然改变水体盐度，形成盐度脉冲；研究许氏平鲉Sebastodes fuscescens （Houttuyn）经历该脉冲后其氨氮、活性磷酸盐排泄的情况。结果表明，盐度改变后，许氏平鲉的氨氮排泄率比正常盐度（30）下呈现出不同程度的升高趋势；当盐度由30降为25和20时，随着体重增加，氨氮排泄率先增大，后又减小；当盐度由30升为35时，氨氮排泄率随体重增加而呈下降趋势。盐度改变后，许氏平鲉的活性磷酸盐排泄率随体重增大呈先增大后减小的趋势。在同一体重下，盐度由30降至20时，活性磷酸盐的排泄率最大；盐度由30升至35时，磷的排泄率最小。方差分析表明，盐度脉冲对许氏平鲉氨氮排泄率有显著的影响（P＜0.05），对活性磷酸盐排泄率的影响不显著（P＞0.05）。该研究对于鱼类养殖的水质管理、养殖场的布设等有重要的指导意义。
关键词：盐度脉冲；许氏平鲉；氨氮；磷；排泄
Effects of irregular salinity pulse on rates of ammonia excretion and phosphate excretion of black stock fish, Sebastodes fuscescens (Houttuyn)
HOU Xiao-fei1, SONG Xie-fa1, Ge Chang-zi1, MAO Yu-ze2, YU Shou-tuan3, YE Nai-hao2
( 1 College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Sustainable Use of Fishery Resources, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; 3 Hongdao Clam Original and Eugenic Breed Development Co. Ltd., Qingdao 266114, China）
Abstract: Using the method of changing the salinity suddenly to form salinity pulse to research the influences of irregular salinity pulse effecting on rates of ammonia excretion and phosphate excretion of black stock fish, Sebastodes fuscescens (Houttuyn) in the static water system. The results conveyed that the ammonia nitrogen excretion rates increased on varying degrees compared with normal salinity (30). When the salinity changed from 30 to 25 and 20, the ammonia nitrogen excretion rate increased first then reduced as body weight increased; but the ammonia nitrogen excretion rate declined all the while when the salinity changed from 30 to 35 as the body weight increased. While the phosphate excretion rate increased first, then reduced as weight increased. Simultaneously when the salinity changed from 30 to 20, the phosphate excretion rate was the maximum, when the salinity changed from 30 to 35, the phosphate excretion rate was the minimum at the same weight level. The ANOVA analysis showed that there were significant differences（P＜0.05）to the rate of ammonia nitrogen excretion at different salinity pulse levels but there were no significant difference（P＞0.05）to the rate of phosphate nitrogen excretion. The research was very useful in water quality management and the location of the aquiculture.
Key words: salinity pulse; black stock fish; Sebastodes fuscescens (Houttuyn); ammonia; phosphate; excretion
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（30700619）；国家“863”高技术研发项目（2006AA10Z414）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2007BAD43B06）
作者简介：侯晓飞（1982—），男，硕士研究生，2001—2008就读于中国海洋大学，主要从事鱼类生长代谢研究。E-mail: xiaofeihou123@163.com
通讯作者：葛长字（1973—），男，讲师，博士，主要从事水生态系统健康及养殖容纳量研究。E-mail: changzige@ouc.edu.cn
（《渔业现代化》 2008，35（2），19-23）
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