赵 鹏^1，2，李 贤¹，周 兴³，宋奔奔^1，4，刘 鹰¹
（1 中国科学院海洋研究所，青岛 266071；2 国家海洋信息中心，天津 300171；
3 胶南市海洋与渔业局，青岛 266400；4 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092）

摘 要：对山东省胶南市12家有代表性的工厂化养殖企业的生产成本、能耗结构、耗能设备等进行了现场调研和分析。结果表明：煤、电等传统能源成本占工厂化养殖企业总成本的比例最高，达（31.20±7.65）%；育苗场能源成本占总成本的（36.33±6.06）%，显著高于养成场的（25.21±6.32）%；锅炉能耗占育苗场总能耗的（92.78±4.65）%，海水泵电耗最大，占总电耗的（70.59±18.24）%；利用太阳能、循环水系统等设施设备的企业节能效果明显；企业对设备投资、系统稳定性、维护成本和适用性的顾虑是推广时需要重点解决的问题。

关键词：海水工厂化养殖；能源结构；新能源；节能设备

Study on energy consumption and new energy applications
in industrial mariculture

ZHAO Peng1,2, LI Xian1, ZHOU Xing3, SONG benben1,4, LIU Ying1*
(1 Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; 2 National Marine Information and Data Service, Tianjin 300171, China; 3 Jiaonan Marine and Fishery Bureau，Qingdao 266400, China; 4 Fishery Mechanical & Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract: This research studied total cost of production, energy consumption, and energy-consumed facilities of industrial mariculture farms in Jiaonan, Shandong. The results revealed that energy cost including coal and electricity cost took the biggest part of total cost of production, reached to (31.20±7.65) %; the ratio of energy cost to total cost in hatchery farm (36.33±6.06) % was significantly higher than that in grow-out farm (25.21±6.32)% (P < 0.05); Boiler consumed (92.78±4.65)% of total energy in hatchery, and seawater pump consumed (70.59±18.24)% of total electricity, which was the highest among all electrical facilities. Some farms had used energy saving facilities , including heat exchanger and pure oxygen aeration; the farm which used solar energy and recirculating aquaculture system systematically made the goal of saving energy true. Managers of industrial mariculture farms expressed their worry about on cost, stability of renewables facilities, maintenance cost, and their adaptation to special surrounding of mariculture, which should be solved for large scale utilization of renewables and energy saving facilities.
Key words: industrial mariculture; energy structure; renewables; energy saving equipments

基金项目：壳牌大学生能源与新农村建设社会调研项目；公益性行业（农业）专项（201003024）；国家贝类产业技术体系设施养殖岗位专家经费
作者简介：赵鹏（1983—），男，研究实习员，硕士，从事海洋生态学与海洋规划研究工作。E-mail: zp-zp@163.com
通讯作者：刘鹰（1969—），男，研究员，博士，从事水产工程学研究与应用。E-mail: yinliu@qdio.ac.cn

(来源：《渔业现代化》2011.38(2)：21-26)