孙修美1,2，杨芳芳1,2，吴嘉仪3，李 涛1，吴华莲1，向文洲1
（1 中国科学院南海海洋研究所，中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室，广东 广州 510301；
2 中国科学院大学，北京 100049；3 广州市海怡康生物科技公司，广东 广州 510301）

摘要：为获得性能优良的产油藻株，从海洋水体中分离获得了12株Picochlorum属的微微型绿藻，并对其生长和产油特性进行初步分析。结果显示，试验藻株的最大生物量为0.21~0.84 g/L；总脂含量为13.85%~37.71%，其中7株藻株总脂含量超过30%，且有2株达35%以上；12株藻株的总脂产率为2.92~20.18 mg/(L•d)，其中852-01、760-01、191-01和861-03藻株总脂产率较高。同时，脂肪酸组分分析结果表明，以上4株产油藻的脂肪酸组成相似，主要为C16和C18系脂肪酸；藻株852-01和861-03饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸含量较高，而藻株760-01和191-01富含α-亚麻酸，分别为35.05%和34.71%。研究表明，4株新分离的海洋微藻可能作为制备生物柴油的优良藻种。
关键词：Picochlorum；生物柴油；生物量；总脂含量；总脂产率；脂肪酸

Evaluation of the oil-producing performance of oleaginous Picochlorum species
SUN Xiumei1,2, YANG Fangfang1,2, WU Jiayi3, LI Tao1, WU Hualian1, XIANG Wenzhou1
（1 Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301 China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 China; 3 Guangzhou Haiyikang Bio-tech Company, Guangzhou 510301, China）

Abstract：In order to screen oleaginous microalgal species, twelve strains of Picochlorum sp. which were isolated from the South China Sea region were studied and analyzed. In this study, dry weight (dw), total lipid content and lipid productivity were determined in twelve Picochlorum strains. The results showed that the dry weight of twelve microalgae were in the range of 0.21~0.84 g/L and the total lipid content of those varied from 13.85% to 37.71% dw. The total lipid content of 7 strains were over 30% dw, of which, those of two strains were more than 35% dw. Then data analysis indicated that the lipid productivity of the twelve isolated strains were between 2.92 mg/(L•d) and 20.18 mg/(L•d), where four strains was at a relatively higher level. Based on the above, four microalgae (strain 852-01, 760-01, 191-01, and 861-03) were identified as promising candidates for biodiesel production. Furthermore, fatty acid compositions of those four high-lipid producing microalgae were analyzed by GC-MS. Their fatty acid compositions were demonstrated a similar pattern having large amounts of C16 and C18 fatty acids. The content of straight-chain saturation fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in strain 852-01 and 861-03 were higher than others. Besides strain 760-01and191-01 were rich in α-linolenic acid（about 35%）. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that those four selected microalgae strains can be suitable feedstocks for biodiesel production.
Key words：Picochlorum; biodiesel; biomass; total lipid content; lipid productivity; fatty acids

（来源：《渔业现代化》2014,41(2):43-48）