郑珂珂，方 伟，孔凡华，常 青，梁萌青
（中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所，青岛 266071）

摘要：研究探讨了大菱鲆（Scophthatmus maximus）幼鱼的昼夜摄食节律以及不同投喂时间对大菱鲆摄食和生长的影响。试验在室内流水养殖系统中进行，水温为（14±0.2）℃，饲喂鲆鲽类商品饲料。采用两种方法进行试验：Ⅰ.分段式投喂方法将一昼夜分为8个时段，每天每个试验缸连续投喂8次，大菱鲆幼鱼表现为18 h出现一次摄食高峰；Ⅱ.一次饱食投喂法将一昼夜分为8个时段，每个时段作为1个处理，每天每个试验缸投喂1次，大菱鲆幼鱼摄食高峰出现在15:00、21:00、0:00和3:00，投喂时间显著影响了大菱鲆幼鱼的日摄食率、特定生长率和饲料效率，15:00、18:00和3:00投喂的大菱鲆幼鱼特定生长率和饲料效率显著高于6:00、9:00、12:00、21:00和0:00投喂的各组试验鱼（P<0.05）。结合生产实际，每天15:00—18:00时间段投喂大菱鲆幼鱼可显著提高其生长和饲料效率。

关键词：大菱鲆；摄食节律；投喂时间；特定生长率；饲料效率

Feeding rhythm and optimal feeding time for
turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. juvenile
ZHENG Ke-ke, FANG Wei, KONG Fan-hua, CHANG Qing, LIANG Meng-qing
( Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China )

Abstract: The diurnal feeding rhythms and effects of feeding time on growth and feed utilization of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) juvenile were studied. The 7 days growth experiments were conducted in an indoor flow-through system. There were 20 fish in each tank. A commercial diet (46% protein, 10% lipid) for turbot was fed to fish. Two methods were used to studied the feeding rhythms. Ⅰ. Fish were continuously hand fed every three hours to apparent satiation. Feeding time were 6:00, 9:00, 12:00, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00, 0:00 and 3:00. Turbot juvenile showed a feeding rhythm with a single peak occurring once every 18 hours. Ⅱ. In this trial, fish were hand fed to apparent satiation once per day. Feeding time were 6:00, 9:00, 12:00, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00, 0:00 and 3:00. Turbot juvenile showed a diel feeding rhythm with the peak at 15:00, 21:00 and 3:00. Growth and feed utilization of turbot were significantly affected by feeding time. Growth and feed efficiency of fish fed at feeding time 15:00, 18:00 and 3:00 were significantly higher than those fed at feeding time 0:00, 6:00, 9:00, 12:00 and 21:00 (P<0.05). To sum up. Optimal feeding time in turbot culture were during 15:00-18:00.

Key words: Scophthatmus maximus; feeding rhythm; feeding time; specific growth rate; feed efficiency

基金项目：农业行业专项子课题“鲆鲽类安全高效专用配合饲料的研制与开发”(nyhyzx07-046)；国家自然科学基金项目（30771660）；国际科技合作项目（2008DFA31720）；中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费专项资金项目
作者简介：郑珂珂（1980—），女，博士，助理研究员，主要从事鱼类营养生理学研究。E-mail: zhengkk@ysfri.ac.cn
通讯作者：梁萌青（1963—），女，研究员，博士，研究方向：水产动物营养与饲料。E-mail: liangmq@ysfri.ac.cn

(来源：《渔业现代化》2010.37(5)：26-30)