车 轩，刘 晃，吴 娟，庄保陆
（农业部渔业装备与工程重点开放实验室，中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海200092）

摘要：为了解我国水产养殖能耗现状，对我国水产养殖主产区进行了养殖能耗调研，并对主要养殖模式和养殖种类的能耗进行了统计分析。结果表明，养殖模式和养殖种类显著影响水产养殖的耗电量，耗电量与养殖单产的相关性不显著。主要的养殖模式存在不同程度的能源浪费现象，从整体上看，养殖技术装备水平比较落后，养殖户的节能意识不强，高排放高污染的养殖方式、技术、设备仍在使用。能源利用和管理还存在许多问题和薄弱环节，节能潜力巨大。工厂化循环水养殖方式具有显著的节能减排效果，但其研究仍处于起步阶段，尚未形成较为有效的实用技术

关键词：水产养殖；能耗水平；节能减排；调查

Investigation into energy consumption of aquaculture in China
CHE Xuan, LIU Huang, WU Juan, ZHUANG Bao-lu
( Key Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China )

Abstract: China is one of the countries with high energy consumption and low energy efficiency in the world. The low level of energy-saving in fishery make it a field with great potential, which deserves our more attention. In order to thoroughly investigate the status quo of energy consumption in China's aquaculture, the energy survey of the main producing areas of aquaculture farming was carried out. The results show that the culture patterns and the culture species have a significant impact on energy consumption of aquaculture. But there is no correlation between the energy consumption and the yields. There is more or less electricity waste in all culture models. From the whole, the farming equipment and technology is at a relatively lower level and there are still many problems in energy use and management. Potential for energy saving is huge extremely. Culturists are not aware enough to reduce power consumption, and still use the methods, technologies and equipments with high-level pollution. Recirculating aquaculture system has significant energy-saving performance, but the research on it has just begun, and has not yet formed a effective and practical technology.

Key words: aquaculture; energy consumption level; energy-saving and emission-reducing; investigation


基金项目：中国清洁发展机制基金赠款项目(08100100)；
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助（nycytx-46，nycytx-50）
作者简介：车轩（1981—），男，研究实习员，硕士，主要从事水污染控制研究。E-mail: chexuan@fmiri.ac.cn
通讯作者: 刘晃（1973—），男，副研究员，硕士，主要从事水产养殖工程与渔业经济研究。E-mail: liuhuang@fmiri.ac.cn