安 阳¹，曾国权²，陈雪初¹，陈 琛²，何圣兵¹，谢起浪²
（1 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院，上海 200240；2 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所，浙江 温州 325000）

摘要：氨氮和悬浮物质过高、溶解氧过低，以及频繁换水带来的外排废水的污染是在凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）养殖时经常遇到的问题。针对上述问题提出了由扬水造流设备、生物挂膜填料、沉淀斜管等构成的原位复合生态净化技术，在凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘中开展中试研究。试验结果显示，该技术对水质改善较为明显，养殖凡纳滨对虾18 d后，与对照塘相比，试验塘水体中氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮平均相对去除率分别为41.2%、70.0%和66.4%，悬浮物质平均相对去除率为38.6%，溶解氧在傍晚18:00与凌晨4:00分别增加13.8%和39.0%。这表明原位复合生态净化技术能够有效提升凡纳滨对虾养殖水体水质。

关键词：原位复合生态净化技术；凡纳滨对虾养殖；扬水造流设备；水质净化

Study on compound in-situ ecological purification technology for treating Penaeus vannamei mariculture water
AN Yang¹, ZENG Guo-quan², CHEN Xue-chu¹, CHEN Chen², HE Sheng-bing¹, XIE Qi-lang²
( 1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
2 Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325000, China )

Abstract: High concentration of ammonia and suspended substance, lack of dissolved oxygen, as well as frequent discharge of large volume of waste water are problems likely to occur in Penaeus vannamei mariculture system. In order to solve these problems, the compound in-situ ecological purification system which consisted of up-flow equipment, biofilm carrier and sedimentation tube was designed and constructed. A pilot study was conducted in a mariculture pond together with control. Results indicated that after 18 days, 41.2% of ammonia nitrogen, 70.0% of nitrite nitrogen and 66.4% of nitrate nitrogen were removed from water in experimental pond compared to that in control pond. Suspended substance was also removed by 38.6%, while dissolved oxygen was increased by 13.8 % at 18:00 and 39.0% at 4:00. The results showed that the compound in-situ ecological purification technology can effectively improve the water quality in Penaeus vannamei mariculture system. It was suggested that the technology could be used as main technology or additional one to solve the Penaeus vannamei mariculture water quality problem.

Key words: compound In-situ ecological purification technology; mariculture of Penaeus vannamei ; up-flow equipment; water purification

基金项目：新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助（NCET-11-0320）；温州市科技计划项目（S20080024）
作者简介：安阳（1988—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事水体富营养化研究。E-mail: demon883@sjtu.edu.cn
通讯作者：陈雪初（1980¬—），男，博士，讲师，主要从事富营养化及藻类水华发生机制与控制对策、受污染水体生态修复和监测技术研究。E-mail: cxcsnow@163.com

（来源：《渔业现代化》2012,39(3):28-33）