宋红桥，管崇武，李 月，单建军，刘 晃
（农业部渔业装备与工程技术重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海200092）

摘要：为研究循环水养殖系统水培植物对水质的改善效果，利用水蕹菜在温室大棚中进行为期15 d的养殖水体水质净化试验。试验系统以罗非鱼为养殖对象，循环率20次/d，养殖密度5 kg/m3，植物栽培区水力负荷10 m3/（m2•d）。试验结果表明：栽培区水蕹菜对氨氮（NH4+-N）、亚硝酸盐氮（NO2--N）、硝酸盐氮(NO3--N)、总氮（TN）、化学耗氧量（COD）、总磷（TP）等的去除率分别7.3%、19.6%、14.5%、12.5%、13.5%、1.7%。试验结束后，罗非鱼总增重630 g，水蕹菜的生长速率58.3 mg/m2•d。总体来看，养殖水体中的营养盐可以满足水蕹菜正常生长，水蕹菜对养殖水体表现出较好的净化能力，水体中NH4+-N、NO2--N、COD、TP的浓度基本维持平衡不累积上升，NO3--N和TN虽略有累积，但可通过增大栽培区面积、降低系统水力负荷，达到净化水质的目的。研究表明水培植物是循环水养殖系统净水技术的选择方向之一。

关键词：循环水养殖系统；水培植物；水培系统；水蕹菜；水质净化

Effect of hydroponic plants on water quality purification in a recirculating aquaculture system
SONG Hongqiao，GUAN Chongwu，LI Yue，SHAN Jianjun, LIU Huang
(Key Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture,
Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinaese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200092, China

Abstract: In order to study the effect of hydroponic plants on water quality purification, a recirculating aquaculture system in greenhouse is built for the experiment, which using tilapia as the raising species and Ipomoea aquatica as the cultivation hydroponic plants. The system recirculating rate is 20 times per day, tilapia culture density 5kg/m3 and the hydraulic loading rate of the plants cultivation area is 10m3/（m2•d）.The whole testing period is among 15 days and the results show that the ammonia nitrogen removal rate between the inlet and outlet of the cultivation area is 7.3% on average, nitrite nitrogen 19.6%, nitrate nitrogen 14.5%, TN 12.5%, COD 13.5% and TP 1.7%. After 15 experiment days, tilapia gained 630g, Ipomoea aquatica grow 58.3mg/ m2•d .General speaking, nutrients in the system can mostly satisfy the normal growth of Ipomoea aquatic. NH4+-N, NO2--N, COD and TP in the system are all keeping balance but NO3--N and TN are a little increased. But enlarging the plants cultivation area can be effectible to solve this problem. So its easy to see that making good use of hydroponic plants can actually be one option for the water purification in recirculating aquaculture systems.

Key words: recirculating aquaculture system; hydroponic plants; aquaponic system; Ipomoea aquatic; water purification
 

（来源：《渔业现代化》2013,40(4):18-22）