田昌凤，朱 林，车 轩，顾兆俊，刘兴国
（农业部渔业装备与工程技术重点实验室，中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092）
摘要：为研究池塘养殖水质调控技术，设计了一种气提式生态浮床。采用罗茨风机为生态浮床提供气源，可将池塘下层水体提升到浮床表层，经过浮床上配置的植物净化吸收、陶粒吸附，以及填料的微生物降解后重新流回到池塘底部。在对浮床整体尺寸、提水量、适应工作水深、提水管埋入比等参数预先设定的基础上，完成了气提式生态浮床的设计，并阐述了该设备的工作原理，对关键部件的布水装置和提水装置进行了设计与计算，对浮床的整体平衡性能、提水量和充气量的关系进行了试验。结果表明，该浮床的各项指标均满足设计要求，能有效降低池塘水体氨氮和亚硝氮含量，净化效果显著。本研究将为池塘生态物理净化水质提供一种可行方案。
关键词：生态浮床；气提；布水；池塘养殖
Development of air-lift ecological floating bed for pond culture
TIAN Changfeng，ZHU Lin，CHE Xuan，GU Zhaojun，LIU Xinguo,
( Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture;
Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China )
Abstract: In order to research water quality control technology of pond aquaculture, an air-lift ecological floating bed was designed. Roots blower was used to provide air to lift water from the pond bottom to the top. After plants purification, bio-ceramic adsorption and micro-biological degradation on the filler, the water flow back to the bottom of the pond. Based on the predetermination of the whole size, capacity of water flow, the operating water depth in pond, submergence to lift ratio and other parameters, the design of ecological floating bed was accomplished. The working principle was also described. The core parts of water distribution device and water lifting device was designed and calculated. The overall balance performance and the relationship between gas and water volumes were tested, and each indicator can meet the design requirements. The floating bed can effectively reduce the amount ammonia and nitrite in the pond water, and the purification effect is significant. The study can provide a viable solution for pond water purification through physical methods.
Key words: ecological floating bed; air-lift; water distribution; pond culture
（来源：《渔业现代化》2014,41(1):1-5）
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