戴媛媛1，耿瑞2，岳冬冬3，刘勤3，周雨思3，王茜3 ，熊敏思3 ，陆亚男3
（1中国浦东干部学院博士后科研工作站，上海 201204；
2中国水产科学研究院，北京 100039；
3中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所，农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室，上海 200090）

摘要：为了解东海区拖网渔民捕捞生产基本情况、捕捞生产决策心理、渔业管理政策认知与评价等方面问题，针对我国近海渔业捕捞能力过度扩张与管理失控这一现状，在浙江省典型渔区开展了相关问卷调查。以样本数据为基础，运用政策分析的方法和理论对东海区拖网渔民生产决策的影响因素及政策评价进行了探讨。结果显示，调查对象在受教育程度、经济决策的理性程度等方面较以往有所改善，对政府渔业资源管理政策的评价和接受度也基本呈正向，但若要通过生产管理手段对降低近海捕捞强度起到作用，仍面临渔民心理抵触、转产转业难及政策反向激励等若干难点。文中针对渔民转产转业、渔民心理需求及现有补贴政策等方面提出了提升近海捕捞管理政策绩效的相关建议。

关键词：东海区；拖网；渔民；渔具；政策评价

Production decision factors of trawl fishermen in East China Sea region and evaluation of fishing gear control policy
DAI Yuanyuan1，GENG Rui2，YUE Dongdong3，LIU Qin3，ZHOU Yusi3，WANG Qian3，XIONG Minsi3，LU Yanan3
(1 China Executive Leadership Academy Pudong, Shanghai 201204, China;
2 Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;
3 East China Sea Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200090, China)

Abstract：After the announcement of “Circular of the Ministry of Agriculture on the implementation system of permitted marine fishing gear and the minimum mesh size of the transition fishing gear”, the research group conducted a questionnaire survey on East China Sea trawl fishers in three aspects: fishing production decision-making psychology, cognition and evaluation of fishery management policy, control policy performance of fishing gears and fishing methods. The results showed that the degree of education and the degree of rationality of economic decision-making of the research objects were improved, and the evaluation and acceptance of the government fisheries resources management policies were basically positive. But if we want to reduce the intensity of the offshore fishing by means of production management, it still faces some difficulties such as psychological conflicts, transfer in job and production, policy reverse incentives, etc.. The article also puts forward the relevant policy suggestions on “implementing the minimum mesh size” in the aspects of fishers transfer in job and production, psychological needs and existing subsidy policies.

Key words: East China Sea; trawl; fishermen; fishing gear; policy evaluation